EKSTRAKSI JAMUR AURICULARIA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT ETANOL DAN METANOL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34151/technoscientia.v14i2.3637Keywords:
Auricularia, ethanol, methanolAbstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of Auricularia extract which was extracted using 96% ethanol (sample E) and methanol (sample M). Auricularia was powdered before extraction. Extraction of mushrooms was carried out using the maceration method for three days. The solvents used for extraction were 96% ethanol and methanol. The extract that has been obtained is calculated by weight yield, tested for solubility, pH, and organoleptic tests. The yield weight of sample E was 1.47% higher than sample M, which was 1.22%. In the solubility test, sample E dissolved in water had a higher solubility of 60% compared to 96% ethanol, which was 55%, on the other hand, sample M dissolved in ethanol 96% had a higher solubility of 55% compared to 40% in water. Samples E and M dissolved in water had the same pH of 5, as well as those dissolved in 96% ethanol, which was 6. The organoleptic test on samples E and M had similarities in smell and shape, the difference was the color. The conclusion is samples E and M have almost the same characteristics.
References
Kakumyan, P., Hyde, K.D., Xu, J. 2019. A review of the polysaccharide, protein and selected nutrient content of Auricularia, and their potential pharmacological value, Mycosphere 10 (1) 579–607.
Chaiharn M., Phutdhawong W.S., Amornlerdpison D., Phutdhawong W.. 2018. Antibacterial, antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds of thai cultivated mushroom extracts against food-borne bacterial strains. Chiang Mai J Sci. 45(4):1713–27.
Eze, C.S., Amadi, J.E., Emeka, A.N. 2014. Survey and proximate analysis of edible mushrooms in Enugu State, Nigeria, Ann. Exp. Biol. 2 (3) 52–57.
Giri S., Biswas G., Pradhan P., Mandal S.C., Acharya K. 2012. Antimicrobial activities of basidiocarps of wild edible mushrooms of West Bengal, India. Int J PharmTech Res. 4(4):1554–60.
Gunawan A.W. Usaha Pembibitan Jamur, 8th ed. 2008. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya; 2008. 112 p.
Hasnaeni, Wisdawati, dan S. Usman. 2019. Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Terhadap Rendemen Dan Kadar Fenolik Ekstrak Tanaman Kayu Beta-Beta (Lunasia amara Blanco). Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy). 5 (2): 175-182.
Khatua, S., Ghosh, S., Acharya, K., Chemical composition and biological activities of methanol extract from Macrocybe lobayensis, Int. J. Appl. Pharm. Sci. 7 (10) (2017) 144–151.
Li, B. dan Webster, T.J. 2018. Bacteria antibiotic resistance: new challenges and opportunities for implant-associated orthopedic infections. J. Orthop. Res. 36 (1) 22–32.
Liana, M., S.P. Fitrianingsih, dan L. Mulqie. 2015. Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Ekstrak Etanol Jamur Kuping Hitam (Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc.). Prosiding Penelitian SPeSIA Unisba. 267-273.
Liu, X., R. Hou, D. Wang, M. Mai, X. Wu, M. Zheng, J. Fu. 2019. Comprehensive utilization of edible mushroom Auricularia auricula waste residue—Extraction, physicochemical properties of melanin and its antioxidant activity. Food Sci. Nutr. 7:3774–3783.
Montoya-Alvarez, A.F., H. Hayakawa, Y. Mimamya, T. Fukuda, C.A. Lopez-Quintero, dan A.E. Franco-Molano. 2011. Phylogenetic Relationships and Review of The Species of Auricularia (Fungi: Basidiomycetes) in Colombia. Caldasia, 33(1): 55-66.
Mukhriani. 2014. Ekstraksi, Pemisahan Senyawa, dan Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif. J Kesehat. VII(2):362.
Nadir, H., A.J. Ali, S.A. Salih. 2020. Auricularia nigricans (Auriculariaceae, Basidiomycota) is First Introduces from Halabja Province, Iraq. The journal if fungus, 11(1): 68-74.
Paul, C., Roy, T., Das, N. 2017. Potentiality of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) in medicine – a review, Ann. Food. Process. Preserv. 2 (2) 1014.
Priya R.U. dan D. Geetha. 2016. Cultural and physiological studies on black ear mushrooms, Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc. and Auricularia auricula (L.) Underw Characterization and exploitation of jelly mushrooms. Mushroom Research. 25(2):125-131.
Rahi, D.K dan Malik, D. 2016. Diversity of Mushrooms and Their Metabolites of Nutraceutical and Therapeutic Significance. Journal of Mycology. Hal 10-11.
Romadanu, R., Hanggita, S., Lestari, S.2014. Pengujian Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Bunga Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). J FishtecH. 3(1):1–7.
Rowe, R.C. 2006. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Exipient. 5thEd. London : Pharmaceutical Press.
Sanico, J.D.L. dan M.C.G. Vicencio. 2019. Antibacterial Property of Auricularia polytricha Mont. And Trametes versicolor Linn. Advance Pharmaceutical Journal, 4(1): 35-40.
Septiana, A.T. dan A. Asnani. 2012. Kajian Sifat Fisikokimia Ekstrak Rumput Laut Coklat Sargassum duplicatum Menggunakan Berbagai pelarut dan Metode Ekstraksi. Agrointek, 6(1): 22-28.
Shriner, R.L., Hermann, C.K.F., Morrill, T.C., Curtin, D.Y., Fuson, R.C. 2004. The Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds. United State: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Singh, S. dan A. Tripathi. 2018. Antimicrobial and Phytochemical properties of Methanol and Hexane Extract of non-gilled Mushrooms Collected form North-Western Himalayas. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(4): 1174-1182.
Sukmawati, I., Susilawati, E. dan Putri, S. 2108. Antibacterial Activity of Extracts and Fractions of Wood Ear Mushroom (Auricularia auricula). Pharmaciana. Vol 9. No 1. Hal 162.
Triani, Rahmawati, dan M. Turnip. 2017 Aktivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Metanol Jamur Kuping Hitam (Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc .) Terhadap Aspergillus flavus (Uh 26). J Labora Med. 1(2):14–20.
Wong, F-C., T-T. Chai, S-L. Tan, dan A-L. Yong. 2012. Evaluation of Bioactivities and Phenolic Content of Selected Edible Mushroom in Malaysia. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12(6): 1011-1016.
Yudharini, G.A.K.F., A.A.P.A. Suryawan W., dan N.M. Wartini. 2016. Pengaruh Perbandingan Bahan dengan Pelarut dan Lama Ekstraksi terhadap Rendemen dan Karakteristik Ekstrak Pewarna dari Buah Pandan. Jurnal Rekayasa dan Manajemen Agroindustri, 4(3): 36-46.
Zhang, J.J., Li, Y., Zhou, T., Xu, D.P., Zhang, P., Li, S., Li, H.B. 2016. Bioactivities and health benefits of mushrooms mainly from China, Molecules 21 (7) 938.
Zou, Y., Y. Yang, B. Zeng, Z. Gu dan Y. Han 2013. Comparison of Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activities of Melanins from Fruit-Bodies and Fermentation Broths of Auricularia auricula. International Journal of Food Properties, 16(4): 803-813.
