DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF RENOGRAPH FOR RENAL FUNCTION TEST USING CsI(Tl) DETECTOR AND MICROCONTROLLER AT89C51
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34151/technoscientia.v0i0.1996Keywords:
Renograph, design improvement, microcontrollerAbstract
The development of Renograph prototypes for renal function testing has been initiated in BATAN since 1983, five generation prototypes using NaI(Tl) Scintillation de-tector have been successfully constructed and utilized in hospitals. Due to the new re-gulation for human safety, then the use of low energy radioisotopes with shorter half life time should be considered. It requires to develop the new instrument of higher sensitivity and better performances. This paper presents design of renograph using CsI(Tl) scintillation as a new type detector and a 16 bits Microcontroller AT89C51 as the data processor for renal function test, so renograph with a high reliable and better performances in application is achie-ved. The use of CsI(Tl) and Microcontroller as the data processor is the development made from the previous prototypes, the system is also provided with a serial commu-nication facility to Personal Computer through serial-port RS 232. Static examination to the pulses generated by a Function Generator with fre-quency up to 12.000 Hz and the dynamic test using 137Cs and 60Co radiation sources have been carried out successfully. The non-linearity integral of the system shows the response is linear up to frequency of 65.000 Hz with strong correlation coefficient, that is R2 ~ 0,9999. The calculation of the statistical feasibility counting to the both CsI(Tl) detector equipments for the two sources above with confidence level of 0,95 give the χ2 are 0.238 and 0.078. These are much smaller than the χ2 value in the table, that is 0.711 for N = 5. Hence, the modified renograph system using CsI(Tl) and Microcontroller AT89C51 has good counting linearity and fulfills the counting feasibility statistically.
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Attachment of the χ2 critical values
Number of Determi-nations, n Probability, P
0.99 0.95 0.90 0.50 0.10 0.05 0.01
3 0.020 0.103 0.211 1.386 4.605 5.991 9.210
4 0.115 0.352 0.584 2.366 6.251 7.815 11.345
5 0.297 0.711 1.064 3.357 7.779 9.488 13.277
6 0.554 1.145 1.610 4.351 9.236 11.070 15.086
7 0.872 1.635 2.204 5.348 10.645 12.592 16.812
8 1.239 2.167 2.833 6.346 12.017 14.067 18.475
9 1.646 2.733 3.490 7.344 13.362 15.507 20.090
10 2.088 3.325 4.168 8.343 14.684 16.919 21.166
11 2.558 3.940 4.865 9.342 15.987 18.307 23.209
12 3.053 4.575 5.578 10.341 17.275 19.675 24.725
13 3.571 5.226 6.304 11.340 18.549 21.026 26.217
14 4.107 5.892 7.042 12.340 19.812 22.362 27.688
15 4.660 6.571 7.790 13.339 21.064 23.685 29.141
16 5.229 7.261 8.547 14.339 22.307 24.996 30.578
17 5.812 7.962 9.312 15.338 23.542 26.296 32.000
18 6.408 8.672 10.085 16.338 24.769 27.587 33.409
19 7.015 9.390 10.865 17.338 25.989 28.869 34.805
20 7.633 10.117 11.651 18.338 27.204 30.144 36.191
21 8.260 10.851 12.443 19.337 28.412 31.410 37.566
22 8.897 11.591 13.240 20.337 29.615 32.671 38.932
23 9.542 12.338 14.041 21.337 30.813 33.942 40.289
24 10.196 13.091 14.848 22.337 32.007 35.172 41.638
25 10.856 13.848 15.649 23.337 33.196 36.415 42.980
26 11.524 14.611 16.473 24.337 34.382 37.382 44.314
27 12.128 15.379 17.292 25.336 35.563 38.885 45.642
28 12.879 16.151 18.114 26.336 36.741 40.113 46.963
29 13.565 16.928 18.939 27.336 37.916 41.337 48.278
30 14.256 17.708 19.768 28.336 39.087 42.557 49.588
(Phelps,1987)
