PIROLISIS LIMBAH PANGKAL BAMBU MENJADI KARBON AKTIF DAN ASAP CAIR MENGGUNAKAN ZAT AKTIVATOR ASAM PHOSFAT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34151/technoscientia.v9i2.141Keywords:
Bamboo base, Pyrolysis, Activated carbon, Liquid smoke, Phosphoric acidAbstract
An inefficient utilization of bamboo resulted in bamboo base as waste without economical value. Converted this bamboo waste becomes active carbon through pyrolysis will add more value of the product. This study aims to determine the parameters which influence the pyrolysis of bamboo waste, to determine the activity of the obtained active carbon and liquid smoke yield. The preparation of raw material was conducted by cutting the bamboo into the size of an average length of 4.33 cm, 1.43 cm wide, and 0.48 cm high, also analyzed the water content. Pyrolisis was done for 60 minutes in the range of temperature between 250°C to 450°C. Activation methods varied by soaking in diluted phosphoric acid solution (6-14%) prior to pyrolysis with variations in dipping time and temperature pyrolysis. Yield and reactifity of obtained active carbon and also yield of liquid smoke were analyzed. With 100 gram of raw material, 60 minutes of reaction time, and activation for 24 hr resulted in an optimum yield of active carbon 27,43% with reactivity 433,99 mg/g under 12% of phosphoric acid solution at 450°C, and the yield of liquid smoke was 54 mL. GC-MS results showed that acetic acid (30.33%) as a major component, while 2-propanone (14,34%), methanol (10,37%), 2-butanone (3,75%)
acetaldehyde (3,59%), furfural (2,95%), corylon (2,21%), cyclopropyl carbinol (2,11%), phenol (2,1%), glycol (1,85%), dan carbonic acid (1,28%) as a minor component.
References
36.
Baccar, R., Bouzid, J., Feki, M., dan Montiel, A., 2009, Preparation of activated carbon from Tunisian olive-waste cakes and its application for adsorption of heavy metal ions. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162(2), 1522-1529.
Cao, Y., Wang, K., Wang, X., Gu, Z., Ambrico, T., Gibbons, W., dan Talukder, A. A., 2017, Preparation of active carbons from corn stalk for bu- tanol vapor adsorption, Journal of Energy Chemistry, 26(1), 35-41.
Chand, B.R. dan Meenakshi, G., 2005, Activated Carbon Adsorption, Taylor and Francis Group, New York.
Figueiredo, J. A., Ismael, M. I., Anjo, C.
M. S., dan Duarte, A. P., 2010, Cellulose and derivatives from wood and fibers as renewable sources of raw-materials. In Carbohy-drates in Sustainable Development I, hal. 117-128, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Fujishige, M., Yoshida, I., Toya, Y., Banba, Y., Oshida, K. I., Tanaka, Y. S., dan Takeuchi, K., 2017, Preparation of activated carbon from Bamboo-cellulose fiber and its use for EDLC electrode material. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering.
Kementerian Perdagangan RI, 2011, Menggali Peluang Ekspor untuk Produk dari Bambu, Warta Ekspor, DJPEN/ MJL/002/12/2011 Edisi Desember, Kementerian Perdagangan RI.
Kirk, R.E. dan Othmer, D.F., 1964, Enchyclopedia of chemical technology, 2 edition vol. IV, John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York-London-Sydney.
Mahanim, S. M. A., Asma, I. W., Rafidah, J., Puad, E., dan Shaharuddin, H., 2011, Production of activated carbon from Industrial Bamboo Wastes, Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 417-424.
Sa'diyah, K. dan Juliastuti, S. R., 2015, Pengaruh Jumlah Katalis Zeolit Alam pada Produk Proses Pirolisis Limbah Plastik Polipropilen. Jurnal. Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Malang. Malang.
Sulaiman, S., 2004, Penjernihan Asap Cair Hasil Pirolisis Tempurung Kelapa Menggunakan Kolom Kromatografi dengan Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi sebagi Fasa Diam, Skripsi, FMIPA, UGM, Yogyakarta.
