Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Pisang Kepok untuk Produksi Bioetanol dengan Proses Hidrolisis Asam Klorida

Abstract

To reduce the environmental impact of petroleum-based materials, alternative materials such as bioethanol are used, although in small quantities. The second generation bioethanol is produced from biomass originating from hemicellulose-producing bacteria and bound by lignin, namely Kepok banana peel waste. The aim of this research is to find out whether Kepok banana peel waste can be an alternative raw material for making bioethanol using the hydrochloric acid hydrolysis method, which is a good method for the process of making bioethanol from banana peel waste. The process in this research uses two stages, namely the pretreatment stage and the hydrolysis process stage. Lignin is dried through a chemical delignification process, namely by soaking banana peel shells in 10% NaOH solution with a mass ratio of 1:6 (w/v) for 12 hours. After the raw materials are delignified, their contents are tested using the Chesson Datta method. The 10% NaOH delignification method was able to reduce lignin levels in Kepok bananas (36.6%), hemicellulose (11.1%), and cellulose levels (62.8%). The fermentation process uses a starter made from bread yeast with a concentration of 1.4%, urea nutrition with a concentration of 1%, and NPK nutritional variations of 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0% for three days. The substrate has a volume of 150 ml and is then allowed to ferment until it is no longer thick. The best Kepok banana peel bioethanol (6.5%) in a volume of 17ml comes from NPK (0.8%), the final result is that Kepok banana peel waste can be an alternative to bioethanol.